Wildfire smoke is a growing concern for millions of people, especially in areas frequently impacted by forest fires. From California to Canada, wildfire seasons are getting longer, more intense, and more hazardous. While much of the focus tends to be on respiratory effects, your eyes are also at serious risk. So, is wildfire smoke bad for your eyes? The short answer is yes—and it can lead to a host of irritating and potentially damaging symptoms.
In this blog, we’ll explore how wildfire smoke affects your eyes, who’s most at risk, and what you can do to keep your vision clear and your eyes comfortable during smoky conditions. We’ll also give you the top 10 expert-backed tips to protect your eyes during wildfire season.
How Does Wildfire Smoke Affect Your Eyes?
Wildfire smoke is a complex mix of gases, chemicals, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). These microscopic particles are especially harmful because they can bypass the natural protective mechanisms of your eyes and settle on the surface—or worse, get absorbed into the tear film that keeps your eyes moist and protected.
Common symptoms of wildfire smoke exposure include:
Redness
Itchy eyes
Watery or dry eyes
Blurry vision
Gritty or burning sensations
Eye fatigue
Increased sensitivity to light
In people with existing conditions like dry eye syndrome, allergies, or contact lens wear, the effects can be even more severe and longer-lasting.
Why Are Eyes So Vulnerable?
Your eyes are one of the most exposed organs of your body. Unlike your lungs, which have natural filtration systems like nasal hairs and mucous membranes, your eyes rely heavily on the tear film and blinking to flush out irritants. When wildfire smoke pollutes the air, your tear film can quickly become compromised. This leaves your eyes exposed to dryness, inflammation, and even infections if not managed properly.
Who Is Most at Risk?
While everyone can be affected, certain groups should be especially cautious:
Children – They blink less frequently and have developing tear systems.
Older adults – Often suffer from reduced tear production or dry eye syndrome.
Contact lens wearers – Lenses can trap particles and reduce oxygen to the eye.
Allergy sufferers – Already have inflamed eyes that can worsen with smoke.
Outdoor workers and athletes – Increased exposure and physical exertion can worsen symptoms.
The Long-Term Risks
Occasional smoke exposure usually leads to temporary irritation. But prolonged or repeated exposure to wildfire smoke has been linked to:
Chronic dry eye
Corneal damage from inflammation
Increased risk of conjunctivitis or keratitis (eye infections)
Worsening of pre-existing eye conditions
This is why it's important not to ignore eye symptoms and to take preventive steps as early as possible.
Top 10 Tips to Protect Your Eyes from Wildfire Smoke
1. Stay Indoors When Air Quality Is Poor
Check your local air quality index (AQI) daily. If the AQI is above 100 (unhealthy for sensitive groups) or 150 (unhealthy for all), try to stay indoors with windows and doors closed. The less exposure your eyes have to smoke, the better.
Pro Tip: Use the EPA’s AirNow.gov or a weather app with AQI monitoring to track conditions in real-time.
2. Use Artificial Tears Regularly
Artificial tears help flush out smoke particles and restore moisture to irritated eyes. Use preservative-free drops every few hours during smoke events to reduce dryness and inflammation.
Pro Tip: Keep a bottle in your car, bag, and nightstand so you’re never without them.
3. Avoid Rubbing Your Eyes
Rubbing your eyes may feel instinctively soothing but can actually cause more harm by pushing particles deeper into the eye or damaging the delicate corneal surface. Instead, rinse with artificial tears or a sterile saline solution.
4. Wear Protective Eyewear Outdoors
If you must go outside, wear wraparound sunglasses or safety goggles. These create a physical barrier to limit particle contact with your eyes and can also reduce UV exposure, which may worsen inflammation.
Pro Tip: Choose glasses with anti-fog coatings and UV protection for maximum comfort.
5. Use a HEPA Air Purifier Indoors
Indoor air quality is just as important as outdoor conditions. Invest in a high-quality HEPA air purifier to filter out particulate matter. Place one in the bedroom and main living areas where you spend the most time.
Pro Tip: If you don't have a purifier, running your HVAC system with a clean filter can also help reduce indoor smoke particles.
6. Switch to Glasses Instead of Contacts
During high smoke exposure, contacts can become a magnet for debris and reduce oxygen flow to your cornea, making symptoms worse. Opt for glasses until conditions improve.
Pro Tip: If you must wear contacts, use daily disposables and increase use of lubricating drops.
7. Use Cold Compresses for Relief
If your eyes are inflamed or burning, a clean cold compress can reduce inflammation and provide immediate comfort. Apply gently for 10–15 minutes as needed.
8. Avoid Eye Makeup and Creams
Eye cosmetics can trap smoke particles and increase irritation. During smoke events, skip eyeliner, mascara, and heavy creams around the eyes, especially if you’re experiencing symptoms.
Pro Tip: Clean your eyelids gently at the end of the day with a lid wipe or baby shampoo diluted in warm water.
9. Stay Hydrated
Hydration plays a crucial role in tear production. Dehydration can lead to reduced tear volume, making your eyes more vulnerable to smoke irritation. Drink plenty of water throughout the day, especially if you’re also dealing with dry air or heat.
10. Consult an Eye Doctor if Symptoms Persist
If your symptoms last longer than a few days or worsen, it’s important to consult your eye doctor. Persistent eye inflammation could lead to more serious complications or indicate underlying conditions.
Red flags include:
Vision changes
Severe pain
Light sensitivity
Discharge or crusting
Symptoms in only one eye
Bonus Tip: Create a Wildfire Eye Care Kit
Just like you might prepare a go-bag for emergencies, prepare a small kit with eye essentials:
Artificial tears (preservative-free)
Cold compress or eye mask
Backup glasses
Contact lens case and solution
Eye drops for allergies (if prescribed)
Clean towel or face cloth
Conclusion: Don’t Overlook Eye Protection During Wildfire Season
While it’s common to associate wildfire smoke with coughing or shortness of breath, your eyes are just as vulnerable—and often the first to show symptoms of smoke exposure. Understanding the risks and taking simple steps to protect your eyes can prevent irritation and protect your long-term eye health.
Wildfire smoke isn’t just bad for your lungs—it’s bad for your eyes too. So the next time that smoky haze rolls in, don’t just check your air filters—check your eye care routine too.
Want Personalized Eye Care Advice?
If you live in an area affected by wildfire smoke and have ongoing eye discomfort, don’t wait. Book an eye exam with your local optometrist. Prevention and early treatment are key to protecting your vision for years to come.